Aiming at the problem of low computational performance of distributed database in analysis applications, taking MongoDB database as an example, a method was put forward to improve the performance of database based on chip and index. Firstly, the characteristics of the business was analyzed to guide the choice of shard key field, and the selected key field needed to ensure that the data is evenly distributed on the cluster nodes. Secondly, by studying the index efficiency of the distributed database, the method of deleting the query field index was used to further improve the computing performance, which could make full use of hardware resources to improve the performance of aggregation computing. The analysis and experimental results show that the shard key field with high cordinality can distribute data evenly on each data node in the cluster, and the use of full table query can effectively improve the convergence speed, thus the optimization method can effectively improve the performance of aggregation computing.